The arthroscope's camera projects the joint's image onto a video monitor, enabling the surgeon to examine the entire knee, for example. This allows the surgeon to view the ligaments, cartilage, and area beneath the kneecap. The surgeon can assess the degree or nature of the damage and, if required, make the appropriate repairs or corrections. Orthopaedic physicians employ arthroscopy as a surgical technique to view and address issues inside a joint. The Greek words "arthro" (joint) and "skopein" (to look) are the origin of the word "arthroscopy." The exact meaning of the term is "to look within the joint." During arthroscopic surgery, a pencil-sized instrument with a tiny lens and lighting system is inserted by an orthopedic surgeon into the patient's skin to magnify and illuminate the structures inside the joint. Fiber optics are used to send light to the end of the arthroscope, which is placed into the joint.
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